-
1 Ἄρης
AἌρεως A.Th.64
, E.El. 1258; but Ἄρεος (never [var] contr. ) is required by the metre in A.Th. 115 (lyr.), S.OC 947, Ant. 125 (lyr.), El. 1423 (lyr.), E.Heracl. 275, El. 950, Fr.16; dat. Ἄρεϊ, [var] contr. Ἄρει; acc. (lyr.), [dialect] Att. Ἄρη (never Ἄρην, which is not found in Attic Inscrr. and is never required by the metre; Ἄρη' is the true reading in Il.5.909, Hes.Sc.59, cf. AP7.237 (Alph.), D.S. 5.72); voc. Ἄρες, [dialect] Ep. (metri gr.) Ἆρες:—[dialect] Ion. and [dialect] Ep. declens. [full] Ἄρης, ηος, ηι, ηα: [dialect] Aeol. [full] Ἄρευς, ευος, ευα, ευι, ευ, Sapph.66, Alc. 28 ff.:— Ares: in Trag., the god of destruction generally, S. OT 190, etc.;ἐς Οἰδίπου παῖδε.. Ἄρης κατέσκηψ' Ar.Fr. 558
; in Com., Ἄρεως νεοττός chicken of Ares, Id.Av. 835.2 the planet Mars, Arist. Cael. 292a5, Cleom.1.11.59, etc.;Ἄρεος ἡμέρα D.C.37.19
.II in Poets, Appellat. for war, slaughter,ξυνάγωμεν Ἄρηα Il.2.381
;Ἄρη μείξουσιν S.OC 1046
(lyr.);χρονίῳ σὺν Ἄρει Pi.P.11.36
; Ἄρης ἐμφύλιος, Ἄ. τιθασός, A.Eu. 862, 355;θηλυκτόνῳ Ἄρει δαμέντων Id.Pr. 861
;ναύφαρκτος Ἄ. Id.Pers. 951
(lyr.); λιθόλευστον Ἄρη death by stoning, S.Aj. 254(lyr.); ἔνθα μάλιστα γίγνετ' Ἄ. ἀλεγεινὸς ὀϊζυροῖσι βροτοῖσι, of a mortal wound, Il.13.569.2 warlike spirit, A.Ag.78, E.Ph. 134;κἀν γυναιξὶν.. Ἄ. ἔνεστιν S.El. 1242
;οὔτ' ὄλβος οὔτ' Ἄ. Id.Ant. 952
;μέγαν ἐκ θυμοῦ κλάζοντας Ἄ. A.Ag.48
;Ἄρη βλέπειν Ar.Pl. 328
, Timocl.12.7: in Prose,ἔμφυτος Ἄ. Gorg.Fr.6
.3 the sword,ὀξὺς Ἄ. Il.7.330
, cf. AP7.531 (Antip. Thess.), Plu.2.23c.III epith. of Zeus, as the avenger of perjury, in oaths, IG5(2).343c (Arc.); of Ἐνυάλιος, ibid., Poll.8.106. (Akin to ἀρή, q. v.) [[pron. full] ᾰ in Hom., but α of voc. may be long, e.g.Ἆρες, Ἄρες βροτολοιγέ Il.5.31
, and gen.Ἄ ¯ ρηος 2.767
, Call.Jov.77 (s.v.l.),Ἄ ¯ ρεος A.R.3.1187
, dat.Ἄ ¯ ρηϊ Id.2.991
: in Trag., regularly ᾰ, but A. uses [pron. full] ᾱ even in dialogue, as Th. 244, 469; and S. in lyr., Aj. 252, 614, Ant. 139.] -
2 ὁράω
ὁράω, [var] contr. [full] ὁρῶ even in Il.3.234, [dialect] Ep. [full] ὁρόω 5.244, etc.; [dialect] Aeol. [full] ὄρημι (q. v.); [dialect] Ion. [full] ὁρέω Hdt.1.80, etc., [ per.] 2sg.Aὁρῇς Herod.2.67
, al., [ per.] 3sg.ὁρῇ Hp.Carn.17
, Vid.Ac.I; inf.ὁρῆν Democr.11
, Hp.Carn.2 (but [ per.] 2sg.ὁρᾷς Archil.87
, [ per.] 3sg.ὁρᾷ Semon.7.80
, cf.κατορᾷ Hdt.2.38
; [ per.] 1pl.ὁρῶμεν Id.5.40
; [ per.] 3pl. ὁρῶσι ([etym.] ἐπ-) Id.1.124; inf. ὁρᾶν ib.33, 2.64): the forms ὁρῇς, ὁρῇ, ὁρῆν (exc. when found in [dialect] Dor., as IG42(1).122.2, 15,47 (Epid., iv B. C.); [tense] impf. [ per.] 3sg. ἑώρη ib.28,70) seem to imply ὁρή-ω (cf. ὄρημι), but ὁρᾷ, ὁρῶμεν, ὁρῶσι, etc. imply ὁρᾰ-ω: [dialect] Att. [tense] impf.ἑώρων Th.1.51
, Ar.Pl. 713, Nu. 354, ([etym.] ἐ-) SIG344.110 (Teos, iv B. C.); [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3sg.ὥρα Hdt.1.11
, 3.72, [ per.] 1pl. ὡρῶμεν (v.l. ὁρῶμεν) Id.2.131,[ per.] 2pl.ὡρᾶτε Id.7.8
.β', [ per.] 3pl.ὥρων Id.4.3
, etc.; [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg.ὅρα Il.16.646
, cf. ὄρημι: [tense] pf. ἑόρᾱκα, a form required by the metre in many passages, as Ar.Th. 32, 33, Av. 1573, Pl.98, 1045, Eup.181.3, Alex.272.1, Men.Epit. 166, Pk. 270, Bato 5.11, etc., whereas the metre never requires ἑώρακα; whence ἑόρακα, -άκη ought always to be restored in early [dialect] Att. writers, though ἑώρακα was used in later Gr., PPetr.2p.55 (iii B. C.), SIG685.74 (ii B. C.), UPZ119.43 (ii B. C.), cf. Theognost.Can. 150 (ἑώρακε<ν> is prob. in Men.5 D.): ἑωρ- in the [tense] impf. prob. comes from ἠ- ϝορ- (with a long form of the augment, cf. ἠειδ- ([etym.] ᾐδ- ) in [tense] impf. of οἶδα, while ἑορ- in the [tense] pf. comes from ϝε-ϝορ-, v. infr.: [dialect] Ion. [tense] pf.ὁρώρηκα Herod.4.77
, al., also ὥρηκα ib.40 ; [dialect] Dor. [tense] pf. part.ὡρακυῖα IG42(1).122.6
(Epid., iv B. C.); [ per.] 1sg. ὥρακα Baillet Inscr. destombeaux des rois 1210: an [tense] aor. 1 ἐσορήσαις only f.l. in Orph.Fr.247.16:—[voice] Med. ὁράομαι, [var] contr. ὁρῶμαι even in Il.13.99 ; [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 2sg.ὅρηαι Od.14.343
(v. ὄρημι): [tense] impf. ἑωρώμην, also ὡρώμην ([etym.] προ-) Act.Ap.2.25, [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg.ὁρᾶτο Il.1.56
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] pf.ἑώραμαι Isoc.15.110
, D.54.16 : [tense] aor. ἑωράθην only in late Prose, D.S.20.6 ; inf. , Pl.Def. 411b, Luc.Jud.Voc. 6, etc.: [tense] fut.ὁραθήσομαι Gal.UP10.12
: verb. Adj. ὁρᾱτός, ὁρᾱτέον (qq. v.).—Hom. uses [var] contr. forms, as ὁρῶ, ὁρᾷς, ὁρᾷ, ὅρα, ὁρᾶν, ὁρῶν, ὁρῶμαι, ὁρᾶται, ὁρᾶσθαι, ὁρώμενος, as well as lengthd. [dialect] Ep. ὁρόω, ὁράᾳς, ὁράασθαι, ὁρόων, [ per.] 2pl. opt.ὁρόῳτε Il.4.347
, etc. ; besides these forms from ὁρα- ([etym.] ὁρη- ) we haveII from root ὀπ- (v. ὄψ ) the only [tense] fut. in use, ὄψομαι, always in act. sense, Il.24.704, and [dialect] Att., [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 2sg.ὄψεαι 8.471
, Od.24.511: a rare [tense] aor. 1 ἐπ-όψατο in Pi.Fr.88.6 (for ἐπιώψατο, v. ἐπιόψομαι); subj.ὄψησθε Ev.Luc.13.28
(where the v.l. ὄψεσθε may be right): [tense] pf.ὄπωπα Il.6.124
, Od.21.94, Emp.109, Hdt. 3.37,63, Hp.Art.1, Carn.17; Trag. and Com., as A.Eu.57, S.Ant.6, al., Ar.Lys. 1157, 1225, never in [dialect] Att. Prose: [tense] plpf. [ per.] 3sg.ὀπώπει Od.21.123
,ὀπώπεε Hdt.5.92
.ζ';ὀπώπεσαν Id.7.125
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor. 1 ὤφθην S.Ant. 709, E.Hec. 970, Th.4.73, etc. ; opt. ([dialect] Ion.)ὀφθείησαν Hdt.8.7
; part. ὀφθείς, inf. ὀφθῆναι, Id.1.9,10 (for ἐπι-οφθέντας, v. ἐπιόψομαι): [tense] fut. , E.HF 1155, And.2.10, Lys.3.34 : [tense] pf. ,ὦψαι D.18.263
, , D.24.66; cf. ὀπτέον.III from ϝιδ- are formed [tense] aor. [voice] Act. εἶδον, inf. ἰδεῖν : [tense] aor. [voice] Med. εἰδόμην, inf. ἰδέσθαι : [tense] pf. with [tense] pres. sense οἶδα I know, inf. εἰδέναι : verb. Adj. ἰστέος (for these tenses, v. Εἴδω). ( ὁρ- prob. from ϝορ-, as indicated by the [tense] impf. and [tense] pf. forms ; cf. βῶροι (i.e. ϝῶροι), Engl. (a)ware.)0-0Senses:I abs., see, look, freq. in Hom.; εἴς τι or εἴς τινα to or at a thing or person, Il.24.633, Od.20.373, al., E.Fr. 607 ;εἰς τὸν πράττοντα Arist.Po. 1460a14
:—[voice] Med., Od.5.439, Hes.Op. 534, Fr. 188 ; but ἔς τινα ὁρᾶν to be of so-and-so's party, Philostr.VS1.18 ; εἰς τὴν Ἀττάλου καθαίρεσιν εἶδεν aimed at.., Zos.6.12 ; forκατ' αὐτοὺς αἰὲν ὅρα Il.16.646
,Τροίην κατὰ πᾶσαν ὁρᾶται 24.291
, cf.καθοράω 11
; ὁρόων ἐπ' ἀπείρονα πόντον looking over the sea, 1.350 ; ὁρᾶν πρός τι look towards,ἀκρωτήριον τὸ πρὸς Μέγαρα ὁρῶν Th.2.93
, cf. AP7.496 (Simon., cj.) ; πρὸς πλοῦν ὁρᾷ looks to sail (i.e. is ready), E.IA[1624];ὁ. ἐπὶ τὴν προδοσίαν D.S.36.3
;πρὸς σπονδάς Id.33.1
.2 have sight, opp. μὴ ὁρᾶν, to be blind, S.Aj.84 ; ὅσ' ἂν λέγωμεν, πάνθ' ὁρῶντα λέξομεν [though I am blind,] my words shall have eyes, i.e. shall be to the purpose, Id.OC74 ; ἐν σκότῳ.. οὓς μὲν οὐκ ἔδει ὀψοίαθ', i.e. should be blind, Id.OT 1274; ἀμβλύτερον ὁ., opp. ὀξύτερον βλέπειν, Pl.R. 596a ; ἐπὶ σμικρὸν ὁ. to be short-sighted, Id.Tht. 174e;ὁ. βραχύ τι Id.R. 488b
.3 see to, look to, i.e. take or give heed, Il.10.239 ; ὁ. εἰς γλῶσσαν.. ἀνδρός look to, pay heed to, Sol.11.7, cf. A.Supp. 104 (lyr.): freq. in imper., like βλέπε, folld. by a dependent clause,ὅρα ὅπως.. Ar.Ec. 300
, cf.Th.5.27; ὅρα εἰ.. see whether.., A.Pr. 997, Pl.Phd. 118, etc.; alsoὅρα μὴ.. S.Ph. 30
, 519, etc.; ὅρα τί ποιεῖς ib. 589 ;πῶς.. ὑπερδικεῖς, ὅρα A.Eu. 652
.4 ὁρᾷς; ὁρᾶτε; see'st thou? d'ye see? parenthetically, esp. in explanations, Ar.Nu. 355, Th. 490, etc.; , Tr. 365 ; also ὁρᾷς; at the beginning of a sentence, Id.El. 628, E.Andr.87 ; ἀλλ'—ὁρᾷς; but, do you see.. ?, Pl.Prt. 336b;ὁρᾷς οὖν.. ὅτι Id.Grg. 475e
; οὐχ ὁρᾷς; ironically, D.18.232.5 c. acc. cogn., like βλέπω 11, look so and so,δεινὸν ὁρῶν ὄσσοισι Hes.Sc. 426
;ὁρᾶν ἀλκάν Pi.O.9.111
;ἔαρ ὁρόωσα Νύχεια Theoc.13.45
; also ἡδέως ὁρᾶν look pleasant, E.IA 1122: c. acc.,κακῶς ὁρᾶν τινα Philostr.VA7.42
.II trans., see an object, behold, perceive, observe, c. acc., freq. in Hom., etc.: [tense] pf. ὄπωπα exclusively in this sense, Il.2.799, Od.21.94, etc. ; ὀφθαλμοῖσιν or ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ὁρᾶν to see with or before the eyes, Il.24.392, Od.8.459, etc. ; αἰεὶ τέρμ' ὁρόων always keeping it in sight, keeping his eye on it, Il.23.323 ; φίλως χ' ὁρόῳτε καὶ εἰ δέκα πύργοι Ἀχαιῶν.. μαχοίατο, i.e. δέκα πύργους, εἰ μαχοίατο, 4.347 ; ὁ. τινά look to (for aid), D.45.64 : in signfs. 1 and 11 combined, οὐχ ὁρᾷς ὁρῶν τάδε; A.Ag. 1623, cf. D.25.89.b ζώει καὶ ὁρᾷ φάος ἠελίοιο, poet. for ζῆν, like βλέπειν, Il.18.61, Od.4.833, etc.; so , E.Or. 1523, Alc. 691:— in [voice] Med.,φέγγος ὁρᾶσθαι Id.Andr. 113
(eleg.); so ὁρᾶν alone,τὰ γὰρ φθιτῶν τοῖς ὁρῶσι κόσμος Id.Supp.78
(lyr.).c folld. by a clause, οὐχ ὁράᾳς οἷος.. ; Il.21.108 ; ὁρᾷς ἡμᾶς, ὅσοι ἐσμέν; Pl.R. 327c ; οὐχ ὁρᾷς ὅτι ἥμαρτες; A.Pr. 261, cf. 325, 951 ; Διὸς.. οὐχ ὁρῶ μῆτιν ὅπᾳ φύγοιμ' ἄν ib. 906 (lyr.); ἴδεσθέ μ' οἷα.. πάσχω ib.92.d c. part., καπνὸν.. ὁρῶμεν ἀπὸ χθονὸς ἀΐσσοντα we see it rising, Od.10.99; ὁρῶν ἐμαυτὸν ὧδε προυσελούμενον seeing myself thus insulted, A.Pr. 438, cf. 70, 384, al.; ὁρῶ σε κρύπτοντα.. see you hiding.., E.Hec. 342 ; so ὁρῶ μ' ἔργον ἐξειργασμένην I see that I have done, S.Tr. 706 ; cf. infr. 4b ; rarely in reference to the subject, ὁρῶ μὲν ἐξαμαρτάνων (= ὅτι ἐξαμαρτάνω) E.Med. 350:—so in [voice] Med.,ἄνδρα διωκόμενον.. ὁρῶμαι Il.22.169
, cf. A.Pr. 896 (lyr.): also c. inf.,ἑώρων οὐκέτι οἷόν τε εἶναι.. Th.8.60
.e rarely c. gen., οὐδεὶς Σωκράτους οὐδὲν ἀσεβὲς.. οὔτε πράττοντος εἶδεν οὔτε λέγοντος ἤκουσεν (where the Constr. is suggested by the use of ἤκουσεν) X.Mem.1.1.11 ;μέχρι βορῆος ἀπαστράψαντος ἴδηαι Arat. 430
.2 see to,ἴδε πῶμα Od.8.443
; look out for, provide, (anap.), Theoc.15.2 ;πρόβατον εἰς ὁλοκάρπωσιν LXX Ge.22.8
.3 the inf. is used after an Adj.,δεινὸς ἰδεῖν Sol.13.6
;εὐφεγγὴς ἰδεῖν A. Pers. 387
, cf. 398, Ch. 174, 176, al. (cf.Εἴδω A.1.1
a) ; ἐχθίστου.. ὁρᾶν most hateful to behold, S.Aj. 818 ;ὦ πάτερ δύσμοιρ' ὁρᾶν Id.OC 327
;ὁρᾶν στυγνὸς ἦν X.An.2.6.9
:—[voice] Med. or [voice] Pass.,αἰσχρὸς ὁρᾶσθαι Id.Cyn. 3.3
: with an Adv.,μὴ διχορρόπως ἰδεῖν A.Ag. 349
: with a Subst.,ἄνδρα τευχηστὴν ἰδεῖν Id.Th. 644
: with a Verb,πρέπουσι.. ἰδεῖν Id.Supp. 720
, cf. S.OT 792.4 [voice] Med. is used by Poets like [voice] Act., Il.13.99, A.Pers. 179, Ch. 407 (lyr.), S.Ant. 594 (lyr.), Tr. 306, Cratin.138, etc., v. supr. 11.1 b, c: but in Prose [voice] Med. occurs only in compds., as προ-ορῶμαι: for the imper. ἰδοῦ, ἰδού, v. ἰδοῦ.b no [voice] Pass. is used by Hom.; in [dialect] Att. the [voice] Pass. has the sense to be seen, A.Pr. 998,Eu. 411, etc.: c. part., ὤφθημεν ὄντες ἄθλιοι was seen in my wretchedness, E. IT 933 ; he will prove to be..,Pl.
Phdr. 239c, cf. Smp. 178e; τὰ ὁρώμενα all that is seen, things visible, like τὰ ὁρατά, Id.Prm. 130a.III metaph., of mental sight, discern, perceive, S.El. 945, etc.; so blind Oedipus says, φωνῇ γὰρ ὁρῶ, τὸ φατιζόμενον I see by sound, as the saying is, Id.OC 138 (anap.);ἂν οἴνου.. ὀσμὴν ἴδωσιν Alex.222.4
; cf. supr. 1.4,δέρκομαι 1.2
.IV abs., see visions,ὁ ἀληθινῶς ὁρῶν LXX Nu.24.3
,15 :—[voice] Pass., appear in a vision, ὤφθη ἄγγελος πρὸς τὴν γυναῖκα ib.Jd.13.3.V interview, ἐμνήσθης μοι ἰδεῖν τὸν κεραμέα περὶ τῶν κεραμίων you told me to see the potter about the jars, PCair.Zen. 264 (iii B.C.). -
3 εὐπιθής
εὐπῐθ-ής, ές,A = εὐπειθής 1,οὐ πείσεις νιν, οὐ γὰρ εὐπιθής A.Pr. 335
: here and in Ag. 274, Ch. 259, Eu. 829, Supp. 623 cod. [voice] Med. has - πειθ-, but - πῐθ- is required by the metre in Pr.l. c. and is possible elsewh. (but in Ag. 982 (- πιθ- codd.) the metre perh. favours - πειθ-); the sense is sts. [voice] Act., ὀνείρων φάσματ' εὐπ (ε) ιθῆ σέβεις; Ag. 274; ; perh. also θάρσος εὐπ (ε) ιθές Ag. 982 (lyr.);δημηγόρους.. εὐπ (ε) ιθεῖς στροφάς Supp. 623
(s. v.l.); sts. [voice] Pass., , cf. Pr. l.c.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > εὐπιθής
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4 ἀνδρεία
ἀνδρεία, ἡ, [dialect] Ion. [suff] ἀνδραποδ-ηίη (Hdt.7.99), generally written [full] ἀνδρία in the Mss., in agreement with the opinion of A.D.Adv.136.8, refuted by Orusap.EM461.53:— ἀνδρεία is required by the metre in Ar.Nu. 510, andA may always stand in the few poet. passages where it occurs (Simon.58, A.Th.52, S.El. 983, E.Tr. 674): ἀνδρία is required in E. HF 475 μέγα φρονῶν ἐπ' ἀνδρίᾳ (s.v.l., εὐανδρίᾳ Elmsley): ἀνδρεία is also confirmed by the [dialect] Ion. form ἀνδρηίη:—manliness, manly spirit, opp. δειλία, Il.cc., cf. Arist.Rh. 1366b11, EN 1115a6; also of women, S.El. 983, Arist.Pol. 1260a22;ἀνδρεία ἡ περὶ τὰς ναυτιλίας Str.3.1.8
:—in pl., brave deeds, Pl.Lg. 922a; ironically,αἱ διὰ τῶν λόγων ἀνδρεῖαι D.Prooem.45
.II in bad sense, hardihood, insolence, D. Chr.12.13.III = ἡ τῶν ἀνδρῶν ἡλικία, Antipho.Soph.67a.IV membrum virile, Artem.1.45.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀνδρεία
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5 ὄρος
ὄρος, εος, τό: gen. pl. ὀρέων (the form proper to [dialect] Ion. and other dialects) is required by the metre in E.Ba. 719 (iamb.) and freq. in lyr. verse, as S.OT 1106, and is alone used in LXX, Ge.8.5, al., cf. IG7.2225.18 (ii B. C.), Apoc.6.15; but ὀρῶν (the [dialect] Att. form) is required in A. Pr. 719, 811, Fr. 342, E.Ba. 791, and occurs in Th.3.24, Pl.Criti. 111c, SIG888.120 (Scaptopara, iii A. D.), etc.: the [dialect] Ep. and Lyr.forms οὔρεος, οὔρεϊ, οὔρεα, οὔρεσι prob. have οὐρ- metri gr. for ὀρ- (so ὤρεα, ὤρεος metri gr. in [dialect] Dor., Theoc.1.77, 115,4.35, Hymn.Is.162): the [dialect] Ion. form is ὀρ-, Od.9.21, al., Anacr.2.5,A v. ὄρειος ( οὔρεσιν is an Epicism in Semon.14.1, cf. οὔρη at end of a hexam., IG12(8).445.6 ([place name] Thasos)); ὄρος is found in codd. of Hdt.1.43, 2.8,12, 7.176 and should perh. be restd. elsewh.:—mountain, hill,ὄρεος κορυφῇσι Il.3.10
, al.;οὔρεος ἐν βήσσῃσιν 11.87
;ἐν ὄρεσσι 1.235
, al.;ἐν οὔρεσιν 24.614
, al.;τρέμε δ' οὔρεα μακρά 13.18
, etc.;Γαῖα.. γείνατο δ' Οὔρεα μακρά, θεῶν χαρίεντας ἐναύλους Hes.Th. 129
.2 canton, parish, ὄ. Ἀργειατᾶν, ὄ. Ὀγχνιάἱον, etc., Mnemos.42.332 (Argos, iv B.C.).3 in Egypt, desert, PTeb. 383.61 (i A. D.); as place of burial, POxy.274.27 (i A. D.), PRyl.153.5 (ii A. D.), PGrenf.2.77.22 (iii/iv A. D.).4 part of the foot, = τὸ ἄνω πρὸ τῶν δακτύλων, Poll.2.197.5 = ἀμίς, Sch.Ar.Ach.82. -
6 ὠφέλεια
ὠφέλ-εια, ἡ, required by the metre (in iambics), S.El. 944, Ar. Th. 183; whereas [full] ὠφελία is required in E.Andr. 539 (anap.), Fr.78 (lyr.), Ar.Ec. 576 (lyr.): the best codd. of Pl. have ὠφελία more freq. than ὠφέλεια (although B always has ὠφέλεια in Phdr.), and ὠφελία is found in IG12.69.24 (v B. C., Prose), Hyp.Eux.9, and freq. in Phld., as Mus.p.54 K., al.: [dialect] Ion. [full] ὠφελίη Hdt.5.98, al., AP6.187 (Alph.):—A help, aid, succour, esp. in war,ἔπεμπον ἐς τὴν Ἐπίδαμνον.. τὴν ὠ. Th. 1.26
, cf. 39;τὴν ὠ. παρέχειν τινί Id.3.13
, cf. And.3.31;ὠ. ἀνδρὶ φέρειν E.Fr.78
(lyr.);ὠ. προσλήψεσθαι Th.2.7
;ἀπό τινων εὑρίσκεσθαι Id.1.31
;τῆς ὠ. μεταλαμβάνειν Id.1.39
;τυγχάνειν Id.6.17
; ἐπάγεσθαί τινας ἐπ' ὠφελίᾳ for aid, Id.1.3, cf. 5.38; ἀποχρήσασθαι τῇ ἑκατέρου ἡμῶν ὠ. to make full use of the assistance or services we both can give, Id.6.17;μετὰ τῶν κειμένων νόμων ὠφελίας Id.3.82
, cf. D.H. Th.31; οὐδὲν ἰατρικῆς δεῖται οὐδ' ὠφελίας or any other aid, Pl.Ly. 217a, cf. R. 559b; καὶ τοῖσιν ἑλκωθεῖσιν ὠφελίαν ( ὠφέλειαν codd., unmetrically)ἔχει Com.Adesp.106.8
.II profit, advantage,βούλευμα ἀπ' οὗ.. οὐδεμία ἔμελλε ὠφελίη ἔσεσθαι Hdt.
l. c.;εἴ τις ὠφέλειά γε S.El. 944
; τὴν κοινὴν ὠ. φυλάξαι the common interest of all, Th. 6.80;τίς ἂν εἴη ἡμῖν ὠ. εἰδόσιν αὐτό; Pl.Chrm. 167b
; opp. βλάβη, X.Cyr.6.2.13, Pl. (v. infr.2), etc.; opp. ζημία, X.Mem.2.3.6; ἐπ' ὠφελείᾳ ἐστί τι ib.1.4.4: c. gen. subjecti, τὴν ὠ. τὴν τῶν τειχέων their utility, Hdt.7.139: c. gen. objecti, ἐπ' ὠφελίᾳ τῶν φίλων for their benefit, Pl.R. 334b; ὠφελίας ἕνεκα ib. 398b;ἐναντία τῇ ἑαυτῶν ὠ. And.2.2
; ἐν ὠ. ἐστί 'tis of use, X.Vect.4.35; after ὠφελεῖν, cf.ὠφελέω 1.5
.2 source of gain or profit, service, freq. in pl.,τὰς ὠ. τὰς ἐκ τῆς στρατείας.. ἐσομένας Isoc.4.15
;αἱ κοιναὶ ὠ. Lys. 19.62
;αἱ ἀπὸ τινος γιγνόμεναι ὠ. Isoc.4.29
;ὠφελίας τε καὶ βλάβας ἀποδιδοῦσα Id.R.332d
;αἱ παρὰ τῶν μισθοδοτούντων αὐτοὺς ὠ. D.15.32
.3 esp. gain made in war, spoil, booty, Plb.2.3.8, 3.82.8, Rev.Arch.6(1935).31 (pl., Amphipolis), LXX 2 Ma.8.20; ὠ. μεγάλαι καὶλάφυρα Plu.2.255b
;ὠφελείας ἀθροῖσαι Id.Cleom.12
;πολλῆς ὠ. κυριεῦσαι D.S.15.36
;τὴν χώραν γέμειν ὠφελείας Plb.3.80.3
; τίθεσθαι τὰ χρήματα δι' ὠφελείας to regard as booty, D.H.7.37; so in the chase, game, X.Cyn.6.4; so of a thief,ὠ. ἑτοίμην καὶ κατειργασμένην ἀφῆκεν Antipho 2.1.4
. (Prob. abstracted fr. οἰκ-ωφελία, which comes fr. οἶκον ὀφέλλειν 'to increase the οἶκος'; cf. ὄφελος.)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὠφέλεια
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7 αὐτός
Aαὐτόν Leg.Gort. 3.4
, al.), reflexive Pron., self:—in oblique cases used for the personal Pron., him, her, it:—with Art., ὁ αὐτός, ἡ αὐτή, τὸ αὐτό (also ταὐτόν), etc., the very one, the same.I self, myself, thyself, etc., acc. to the person of the Verb: freq. joined with ἐγώ, σύ, etc. (v. infr. 10),1 one's true self, the soul, not the body, Od.11.602; reversely, body, not soul, Il.1.4; oneself, as opp. others who are less prominent, as king to subject, 6.18; Zeus to other gods, 8.4; bird to young, 2.317; man to wife and children, Od.14.265; warrior to horses, Il.2.466, or to weapons, 1.47; shepherd to herd, Od.9.167, cf. Il.1.51; Trojans to allies, 11.220; seamen to ships, 7.338: generally, whole to parts, ib. 474; so laterἡ σίδη καὶ αὐτὴ καὶ τὰ φύλλα Thphr.HP4.10.7
, cf. X.Ath.1.19, Pl.Grg. 511e, etc.;αὐτή τε Μανδάνη καὶ τὸν υἱὸν ἔχουσα X.Cyr.1.3.1
;αὐ. τε καὶ τὰ ποιήματα βουλόμενος ἐπιδεῖξαι Pl.R. 398a
: abs., the Master, as in the Pythag. phrase Αὐτὸς ἔφα, Lat. Ipse dixit; so τίς οὗτος.. ;— Αὐτός, i.e. Socrates, Ar.Nu. 218; ἀναβόησον Αὐτόν ib. 219;ἀνοιγέτω τις δώματ'· Αὐτὸς ἔρχεται
the Master,Id.
Fr. 268, cf. Pl.Prt. 314d, Thphr.Char.2.4, Men.Sam.41:αὐ. ἀϋτεῖ Theoc.24.50
: neut., αὐτὸ σημανεῖ the result will show, E.Ph. 623;αὐτὸ δηλώσει D.19.157
;αὐτὰ δηλοῖ Pl.Prt. 329b
; αὐτὸ διδάξει ib. 324a; esp.αὐτὸ δείξει Cratin. 177
, Pl.Hp.Ma. 288b, cf. Tht. 200e; in full,τάχ' αὐτὸ δείξει τοὔργον S.Fr. 388
;τοὔργον τάχ' αὐτὸ δείξει Ar.Lys. 375
; redupl., ; of things, the very, ὑπὸ λόφον αὐτόν, i.e. just, exactly under.., Il.13.615; πρὸς αὐταῖς ταῖς θύραις close by the door, Lys.12.12; αὐτὸ τὸ δέον the very thing needed, X. An.4.7.7; ; αὐτὸ τὸ περίορθρον the point of dawn, Th.2.3; αὐτὰ τὰ ἐναντία the very opposite, X.Mem. 4.5.7;αὐτὰ τὰ χρήσιμα καὶ ἀναγκαῖα D.H.Th.23
; even,οὔ μοι μέλει ἄλγος οὔτ' αὐτῆς Ἑκάβης Il.6.451
; .—In these senses αὐτός in Prose either precedes both the Art. and Subst., or follows both, e.g. αὐτὸς ὁ υἱός or ὁ υἱὸς αὐτός. The Art. is sts. omitted with proper names, or Nouns denoting individuals,αὐτὸς Μένων X.An.2.1.5
; αὐτὸς βασιλεύς ib.1.7.11.2 of oneself, of one's own accord,ἀλλά τις αὐ. ἴτω Il.17.254
; ;καταπαύσομεν· οἱ δὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ παυέσθων Od.2.168
;ἥξει γὰρ αὐτά S.OT 341
; also, in person,τῶν πραγμάτων ὑμῖν.. αὐτοῖς ἀντιληπτέον D.1.2
.3 by oneself or itself, alone, αὐτός περ ἐών although alone, Il.8.99; αὐτὸς ἐγείναο παῖδ', i.e. without a mother, 5.880, cf. Hes.Th. 924; by himself,Hdt.
5.85; αὐτοὶ γάρ ἐσμεν we are by ourselves, i.e. among friends, Ar.Ach. 504, cf. Th. 472, Pl.Prm. 137b, Herod.6.70, Plu.2.755c, Luc. DDeor.10.2;αὐτοῖς τοῖς ἀνδράσι.. ἢ καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις X.An.2.3.7
;ἄνευ τοῦ σίτου τὸ ὄψον αὐτὸ ἐσθίειν Id.Mem.3.14.3
;τὸν τρίβωνα ὃν αὐτὸν φορεῖ Thphr.Char.22.13
(prob.); αὐτὰ γὰρ ἔστιν ταῦτα these and no others, Emp.21.13, al.: strengthd., αὐτὸς κτήσατο οἶος himself alone, Od.14.450; αὐτὸς μόνος, v. μόνος II; αὐτὸς καθ' αὑτόν, v. ἑαυτοῦ.4 in Philosophy, by or in itself, of an abstract concept or idea,δίκαιον αὐτό Pl.Phd. 65d
;αὐτὸ τὸ ἕν Id.Prm. 143a
, al., cf. Arist. Metaph. 997b8: neut., αὐτό is freq. in this sense, attached to Nouns of all genders,οὐκ αὐτὸ δικαιοσύνην ἐπαινοῦντες ἀλλὰ τὰς ἀπ' αὐτῆς εὐδοκιμήσεις Pl.R. 363a
; less freq. with Art.,τί ποτ' ἐστὶν αὐτὸ ἡ ἀρετή Id.Prt. 360e
; more fully, εἰ αὐτὸ τοῦτο πατέρα ἠρώτων, ἆρα ὁ πατήρ ἐστι πατήρ τινος, ἢ οὔ; Id.Smp. 199d; ἀδελφός, αὐτὸ τοῦτο ὅπερ ἔστιν the ideal, abstract brother, ibid.e: later, in compos., αὐτοαγαθόν, αὐτοάνθρωπος, etc. (q. v.), cf. Arist.Metaph. 1040b33; less freq. agreeing with the Subst., , etc.; doubled,ἐκ τῆς εἰκόνος μανθάνειν αὐτήν τε αὐτήν, εἰ καλῶς εἴκασται
its very self,Id.
Cra. 439a.5 in dat. with Subst., in one, together, ἀνόρουσεν αὐτῇ σὺν φόρμιγγι he sprang up lyre in hand, Il.9.194; αὐτῇ σὺν πήληκι κάρη helmet and all, 14.498, cf. Od.13.118;αὐτῷ σὺν ἄγγει E. Ion 32
, cf. Hipp. 1213; also withoutσύν, αὐτῇ κεν γαίῃ ἐρύσαι Il.8.24
: so freq. in Prose and Poetry, αὐτοῖς ἀνδράσι men and all, Hdt.6.93; αὐτοῖσι συμμάχοισι allies and all, A.Pr. 223 (lyr.); : with Art., ;αὐτοῖσι τοῖς πόρπαξι Ar.Eq. 849
, etc.;αὐτοῖς τοῖς ἵπποις κατακρημνισθῆναι X.Cyr.1.4.7
.6 added to ordinal Numbers, e.g. πέμπτος αὐτός himself the fifth, i. e. himself with four others, Th.1.46, cf. 8.35, X.HG2.2.17, Apoc.17.11, etc.:— αὐτός always being the chief person.7 freq. coupled withοὗτος, τοῦτ' αὐτό ἐστι τὸ ζητηθέν Pl.Plt. 267c
, etc.;αὐτὸ τοῦτο μόνον Id.Grg. 500b
; alsoλεγόντων ἄλλο μὲν οὐδέν.. αὐτὰ δὲ τάδε Th.1.139
;πόλεις ἄλλας τε καὶ αὐτὸ τοῦτο τὸ Βυζάντιον X.An.7.1.27
; ταῦτα ἥκω αὐτὰ ἵνα .. Pl.Prt. 310e.9 repeated in apodosi for emphasis,αὐτὸς ἐπαγγειλάμενος σώσειν.. αὐτὸς ἀπώλεσεν Lys.12.68
, cf. A.Fr. 350, X.An.3.2.4.10 in connexion with the person. Pron.,ἐγὼν αὐτός Od.2.194
;σέθεν αὐτοῦ Il.23.312
;νωΐτερον αὐτῶν 15.39
(always divisim in Hom.); folld. by an enclit. Pron.,αὐτόν μιν Od.4.244
; soαὐτὸν γάρ σε δεῖ Προμηθέως A.Pr.86
; alsoαὐτὸς ἔγωγε Pl.Phd. 59b
, etc.:— after Hom. in the oblique cases αὐτός coalesces with the Pron., ἐμαυτοῦ, σεαυτοῦ (these not in Alc. or Sapph., A.D.Pron.80.10 sqq.), ἑαυτοῦ, etc. (q. v.).b with person. Pron. omitted, αὐτός.. ἧσθαι λιλαίομαι, for ἐγὼ αὐτός, Il.13.252; αὐτὸν ἐλέησον, for ἐμὲ αὐτόν, 24.503;αὐτῶν γὰρ ἀπωλόμεθ' ἀφραδίῃσιν Od.10.27
; in 2.33 οἱ αὐτῷ is simply a strengthd. form of οἱ; and so in [dialect] Att., when σὲ αὐτόν, ἐμοὶ αὐτῷ, etc., are read divisim, they are emphatic, not reflexive; in this case αὐτός generally precedes the person. Pron., cf. X.Cyr.6.2.25 with 6.1.14.c with the reflexive ἑαυτοῦ, αὑτοῦ, etc., to add force and definiteness,αὐτὸς καθ' αὑτοῦ A.Th. 406
; αὐτοὶ ὑφ' αὑτῶν ib. 194;αὐτοὶ καθ' αὑτούς X.Mem.3.5.4
;αὐτὸ καθ' αὑτό Pl.Tht. 201e
; sts. between the Art. and reflex. Pron., , cf. Pr. 762; : also κατ' αὐτὺ ([dialect] Boeot. for αὐτοὶ)αὐτῶν IG7.3172.121
(Orchom. [dialect] Boeot.).d αὐτοῦ, αὐτῶν with possess. Pron.,πατρὸς κλέος ἠδ' ἐμὸν αὐτοῦ Il.6.446
;θρῆνον.. ἐμὸν τὸν αὐτῆς A.Ag. 1323
; ; τοῖς οἷσιν αὐτοῦ ib. 1248; ;τοῖς ἡμετέροις αὐτῶν φίλοις X.An. 7.1.29
.e αὐτὸς ἑαυτοῦ with [comp] Comp. and [comp] Sup. Adj.,αὐτὸς ἑωυτοῦ ῥέει πολλῷ ὑποδεέστερος Hdt.2.25
;τῇ εὐρυτάτη ἐστὶ αὐτὴ ἑωυτῆς Id.1.203
.11 αὐτός for ὁ αὐτός, the same, Il.12.225, Od.8.107, 16.138, Pi.N.5.1 (never in Trag.), and in later Prose,αὐταῖς ταῖς ἡμέραις IG 14.966
(ii A. D.), cf. Ev.Luc.23.12.12 [comp] Comp.αὐτότερος Epich.5
: [comp] Sup. his very self,Ar.
Pl.83: neut. pl. αὐτότατα dub. in Phld.Piet.80. Adv., [comp] Comp.αὐτοτέρως Gal.18(2).431
.II he, she, it, for the simple Pron. of 3 pers., only in oblique cases (exc. in later Gk., Ev.Luc.4.15, etc.), and rarely first in a sentence, Pl.La. 194e, and later, Ep.Eph.2.10, etc.: rare in [dialect] Ep., Il. 12.204 (where Hdn. treated it as enclitic), and mostly emphatic, ib.14.457, Od.16.388; so in Trag., E.Hel. 421: in Prose, to recall a Noun used earlier in the sentence,ἐγὼ μὲν οὖν βασιλέα.. οὐκ οἶδα ὅ τι δεῖ αὐτὸν ὀμόσαι X.An.2.4.7
;πειράσομαι τῷ πάππῳ.. συμμαχεῖν αὐτῷ Id.Cyr.1.3.15
;ἄνδρα δὴ.. εἰ ἀφίκοιτο εἰς τὴν πόλιν, προσκυνοῖμεν ἂν αὐτόν Pl.R. 398a
; after a Relative,ὅς κε θεοῖς ἐπιπείθηται.. ἔκλυον αὐτοῦ Il.1.218
;οὓς μὴ εὕρισκον, κενοτάφιον αὐτοῖς ἐποίησαν X.An.6
. 4.9, cf. 1.9.29; esp. where a second Verb requires a change of case in the Pron.,οἳ ἂν ἐξελεγχθῶσι.. ὡς προδότας αὐτοὺς ὄντας τιμωρηθῆναι Id.An.2.5.27
;ἐκεῖνοι οἷς οὐκ ἐχαρίζονθ' οἱ λέγοντες οὐδ' ἐφίλουν αὐτούς D.3.24
; in subdivisions,ὅσοι.. οἱ μὲν αὐτῶν.. X.Cyr.1.1.1
, cf. Pl.Chrm. 168e; later, pleonastically after a Relative,ὧν ὁ μὲν αὐτῶν Call.Epigr.43
, cf. Ev.Luc.3.16, Apoc.7.2, etc.: in S.Ph. 316 αὐτοῖς is emphatic 'in their own persons'.III with Art. ὁ αὐτός, ἡ αὐτή, τὸ αὐτό, and [dialect] Att. [var] contr. αὑτός, αὑτή, ταὐτό and ταὐτόν (as required by the metre, cf. S.OT 734 with 325, and in Prose to avoid hiatus): gen. ταὐτοῦ, dat. ταὐτῷ, pl. neut. ταὐτά; [dialect] Ion. ὡυτός, τὠυτό:—the very one, the same, rare in Hom., Il. 6.391, Od.7.55, 326;ὁ αὐ. εἰμι τῇ γνώμῃ Th.3.38
, cf. 5.75;ἐπὶ τὸ αὐ. αἱ γνῶμαι ἔφερον Id.1.79
: c. dat., to denote sameness or agreement, esp. in Prose,τὠυτὸ ἂν ὑμῖν ἐπρήσσομεν Hdt.4.119
; ; ὁ αὐτὸς τῷ λίθῳ the same as the stone, Pl. Euthd. 298a; ἐν ταὐτῷ εἶναί τινι to be in the place with.., X.An.3.1.27; προσίεσθαί τινα ἐς ταὐτὸ ἑαυτῷ to have a person meet one, ib.30, cf. A.Ch. 210;κατὰ ταὐτὰ τῷ Νείλῳ Hdt.2.20
;τῇ αὐτῇ.. καί Id.4.109
; ;ὁ αὐτός.. ὥσπερ Pl.Phd. 86a
; face to face,Jul.
Or.2.5a0.2 in later Greek, the said, the above-named,Ἡρώδης ὁ αὐ. PLille23.8
(iii B. C.), etc.IV Adverbial phrases:1 simply, merely,Ph.
2.252, etc.;αὐ. μόνον ἐργάτης Luc.Somn.9
;αὐ. μόνον τὸ ὄνομα τῆς φωνῆς A.D.Synt.22.20
.3 αὐτὸ τοῦτο as Adv., PGrenf.1.114 (ii B. C.), 2 Ep.Pet. 1.5;τῆς αὐτὸ τοῦτο κινουμένης σφαίρας Iamb. Comm.Math.17
.4 with Preps., added together, making a total,PLond.
2.196.37 (ii A. D.); together, at the same time,Act.Ap.
14.1, etc.; but just then,Hdn.
1.12.3.V In Compos.:1 of or by oneself, self-.., as in αὐτοδίδακτος, αὐτογνώμων, αὐτόματος: and so, independently, as in αὐτοκράτωρ, αὐτόνομος.2 hence, as a second self, very.., bodily, as with proper names, Αὐτοθαΐς.3 in the abstract, the ideal, v. supr.1.4.4 precisely, as in αὐτόδεκα.5 rarely with reflex. sense of ἀλλήλων, as in αὐτοκτονέω.6 in one piece with, together with, as in αὐτόκωπος, αὐτοχείλης, αὐτόπρεμνος, αὐτόρριζος.7 by itself: hence, only, as in αὐτόξυλος, αὐτόποκος.—For αὐτοῦ, αὐτῶς, etc., v. the respective Arts. -
8 προμήθεια
προμήθ-εια, [dialect] Dor. [suff] προ-μάθεια [μᾱ], [dialect] Ion. [full] προμηθίη, in Trag. [full] προμηθία (v. sub fin.):—A foresight, forethought,σοφὸν ἡ προμηθίη Hdt.3.36
, cf. Pi.N.11.46, I.1.40, Th.4.62, al.;προμηθίαν λαβεῖν A.Supp. 178
, cf. E.Hec. 795;πολλὴν προμήθειαν ποιεῖσθαι Pl.Min. 318e
; ἐν πολλῇ προμηθίῃ ἔχειν τινά to hold in great consideration, Hdt.1.88;προμηθείην ἔχειν τινός Xenoph.1.24
, cf. E.Alc. 1054, Pl.Grg. 501b;ἔχειν τὴν ὑπὲρ τῆς ψυχῆς π. Id.R. 441e
: with reference to Prometheus, Luc.Prom.Es1. [ προμηθία is required by the metre in S.El. 990, OC 332, 1043, Frr.302.2,950.3, E.Med. 741, Hec. 1137, Ph. 1466, Andr. 690, IT 1202, and is admissible in A.Supp. 178, S.El. 1036, 1350, Ph. 557, E.Alc. 1054, Ion 448, whereas προμήθεια is never required.]Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > προμήθεια
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9 σύν
σύν [pron. full] [ῠ], old [dialect] Att. [full] ξύν; [dialect] Boeot. [full] σούν IG7.3171.39 (Orchom. [dialect] Boeot., iii B.C.): Prep. with dat. (rarely c. gen., σ. τῶν ἐν αὺτῷ νεκρῶν Mitteis Chr.129.23 (ii B.C.);Aσ. ἡρώων IPE2.383
([place name] Phanagoria); σ. γυναικός ib.301 ([place name] Panticapaeum), cf. Ostr.240.5 (ii A.D.), PLond.1.113 iv 19 (vi A.D.)):—with. The form ξύν rarely occurs in Hom., though it is not rare in compds. even when not required by the metre, as in ξυνέαξα, ξυνοχῇσιν, ξύμβλητο, ξύμπαντα; Hes. also uses ξύμπας, ξυνιέναι; in [dialect] Ion. verse we findξύν Thgn.1063
(butσύν Id.50
), Sol. 19.3 (perh. old Attic), butσύν Archil.4
, cf. ξυνωνίη, συνίημι; in early [dialect] Ion. Prose (including Inscrr., cf. SIG1.2 (Abu Simbel, vi B.C.), 167.37 (Mylasa, iv B.C.), etc.) ξύν is only found inξυνίημι Heraclit.51
, Democr.95 (cf. ἀξύνετος, ἀξυνεσίη, ξύνεσις), and in the phrase ξὺν νῷ ( νόῳ codd.) Heraclit.114, Democr.35; Hdt. has only σύν, and in codd. Hp. ξύν has weaker authority than σύν (i p.cxxv Kuehlewein); in the late Ionic of Aret., ξύν prevails over σύν; in [dialect] Aeol. and [dialect] Dor. it is rare,ξυνοίκην Sapph.75
;ξυναλίαξε Ar.Lys.93
; elsewh. [dialect] Dor. σύν, Leg.Gort. 5.6, IG9(1).334.47 ([dialect] Locr., v B.C.), etc.; but in old [dialect] Att. Inscrr. ξύν is the only form up to 500 B.C.; σύν appears in v B.C. and becomes usual towards the end; after 378 B.C. ξύν survives only in the formula γνώμην δὲ ξυμβάλλεσθαι κτλ.; the phrase ξὺν νῷ is found in Ar.Nu. 580, Pl.Cri. 48c, Men. 88b, R. 619b (); otherwise, of [dialect] Att. Prose writers Th. alone uses the preposition ξύν, Antipho and Lysias have ξυν- a few times in compds.; codd. Pl. have both ξυν- (Lg. 930a, al.) and συν-; in Antipho Soph.Oxy.1364, Aristox., Arr., Ael., and Anon.Rhythm. ξυν- is very freq.; in Trag. both forms occur. The Prep. σύν gradually gave way to μετά with gen., so that whereas A. has 67 examples of σύν to 8 of μετά with gen., the proportions in Th. are 400 of μετά to 37 of σύν, in D. 346 of μετά to 15 of σύν, and in Arist. 300 of μετά to 8 of σύν: for these and other statistics see C. J. T. Mommsen, Beiträge zur Lehre von den griechischen Präpositionen (Frankfurt 1886-95): in [dialect] Att. Prose and Com. σύν is restricted for the most part to signf. 8, 9 and a few phrases, such as σὺν θεῷ, σὺν (τοῖς) ὅπλοις; Xenophon uses it freely, having 556 examples to 275 of μετά; in Pap., NT, and later Prose its use is much less restricted (v. infr.).1 in company with, together with,δεῦρό ποτ' ἤλυθε.. σ. Μενελάῳ Il.3.206
;ξ. παιδὶ.. πύργῳ ἐφεστήκει 6.372
;σ. τοῖσδε ὑπέκφυγον Od.9.286
;καταφθίσθαι σ. ἐκείνῳ 2.183
;ἀπελαύνειν σ. τῷ στρατῷ Hdt.8.101
;ἐπαιδεύετο σ. τῷ ἀδελφῷ X.An.1.9.2
;σ. αὐτῷ σταυροῦσι δύο λῃστάς Ev.Marc.15.27
;οὐδένα ἔχω σ. ἐμοί PSI10.1161.12
(iv A.D.).2 with collat. notion of help or aid, σ. θεῷ with God's help or blessing, as God wills, Il.9.49;σ. σοί, πότνα θεά Od.13.391
;πέμψον δέ με σ. γε θεοῖσιν Il.24.430
, cf. 15.26;σ. θεῷ φυτευθεὶς ὄλβος Pi.N.8.17
; σ. θεῷ εἰρημένον spoken as by inspiration, Hdt.1.86;σ. θεῷ δ' εἰρήσεται Ar.Pl. 114
;σ. θεῷ εἰπεῖν Pl.Tht. 151b
, Prt. 317b;ξ. θεοῖς Th.1.86
; so σ. δαίμονι, σ. Ἀθήνῃ καὶ Διί, Il.11.792, 20.192;σ. Χαρίτεσσιν Pi.N.9.54
, cf. P.9.2;ξ. τῷ θεῷ πᾶς καὶ γελᾷ κὠδύρεται S.Aj. 383
; also θεοῦ σ. παλάμᾳ, σ. θεοῦ τύχᾳ, Pi.O.10(11).21, N.6.24: generally, of personal cooperation, σ. σοὶ φραζέσθω let him consult with you, Il.9.346;λοχησάμενος σ. ἑταίρῳ Od.13.268
; ξ. τῇ βουλῇ in consultation with the Council, IG12.63.17; σ. τινὶ μάχεσθαι fight at his side, X.Cyr.5.3.5, cf. HG4.1.34; σ. τινὶ εἶναι or γίγνεσθαι to be with another, i.e.on his side, of his party, Id.An.3.1.21, Smp.5.10; οἱ σ. αὐτῷ his friends, followers, Id.An.1.2.15, cf. Act.Ap.14.4, etc.3 furnished with, endued with,σ. μεγάλῃ ἀρετῇ ἐκτήσω ἄκοιτιν Od.24.193
;πόλιν θεοδμάτῳ σ. ἐλευθερίᾳ ἔκτισσε Pi.P.1.61
.4 of things that belong, or are attached, to a person, σ. νηΐ or σ. νηυσί, i.e. on board ship, Il.1.389, 179, etc.; σ. νηυσὶν ἀλαπάξαι, opp. πεζός, 9.328 (so in Prose,σ. ναυσὶ προσπλεῖν X.HG2.2.7
, etc.);σ. ἵπποισιν καὶ ὄχεσφιν Il.5.219
; esp. of arms,μιν κατέκηε σ. ἔντεσι 6.418
;στῆ δ' εὐρὰξ σ. δουρί 15.541
; ἀντιβίην or ἀντίβιον σ. ἔντεσι or σ. τεύχεσι πειρηθῆναι, 5.220, 11.386;σ. ἔντεσι μάρνασθαι 13.719
;σκῆπτρον, σ. τῷ ἔβη 2.47
; ἄγγελος ἦλθε.. σ. ἀγγελίῃ ib. 787; ς. (or ξ.)ὅπλοις Th.2.2
, al., Pl.Lg. 947c, Aen.Tact.17.1; ς. (or ξ.)τοῖς ὅπλοις Th.2.90
, 4.14, Hell.Oxy. 10.1, Pl.Lg. 763a, Aen.Tact.11.8;σ. ἐγχειριδίοις Hell.Oxy.10.2
;ξ. ξιφιδίῳ καὶ θώρακι Th.3.22
;ξ. ἑνὶ ἱματίῳ Id.2.70
; in some such cases ς. is little more than expletive, as σ. τεύχεσι θωρηχθέντες ll.8.530, etc.: with αὐτός (cf.αὐτός 1.5
), chiefly in Hom.,ἀνόρουσεν αὐτῇ σ. φόρμιγγι Il.9.194
, cf. 14.498;αὐτῷ σ. τε λίνῳ καὶ ῥήγεϊ Od.13.118
.5 of things accompanying, or of concurrent circumstances,ἄνεμος σ. λαίλαπι Il.17.57
, cf. Od.12.408; of coincidence in time,ἄκρᾳ σ. ἑσπέρᾳ Pi.P.11.10
; καιρῷ σ. ἀτρεκεῖ ib.8.7;σ. τῷ Χρόνῳ προϊόντι X.Cyr.8.7.6
; in the course of,κείνῳ σ. ἄματι B.10.23
, cf. 125, Pi.Fr. 123.6 of necessary connexion or consequence, σὺν μεγάλῳ ἀποτεῖσαι to pay with a great loss, i.e. suffer greatly, Il.4.161; δημοσίῳ σ. κακῷ with loss to the public, Thgn.50; σ. τῷ σῷ ἀγαθῷ to your advantage, X.Cyr.3.1.15; ὤλοντο.. σὺν μιάς ματι with pollution, S.Ant. 172; to denote agreement, in accordance with,σ. τῷ δικαίῳ καὶ καλῷ X.An.2.6.18
;σ. δίκᾳ Pi.P.9.96
;σ. κόσμῳ Hdt.8.86
, Arist.Mu. 398b23;σ. τάχει S.El. 872
, etc.7 of the instrument or means, with the help of, by means of,σ. ἐλαίῳ φαρμακώσαισα Pi.P.4.221
;διήλλαχθε σ. σιδάρῳ A.Th. 885
(lyr.);πλοῦτον ἐκτήσω ξ. αἰχμῇ Id.Pers. 755
(troch.);ἡ [τῶν φίλων] κτῆσίς ἐστιν οὐδαμῶς σ. τῇ βίᾳ X.Cyr.8.7.13
;ξ. ἐπαίνῳ Th.1.84
.8 including,κεφάλαιον σ. ἐπωνίοις IG12.329.5
, cf. 22.1388.85, 1407.12, al.;τοῦ Πειραιῶς ξ. Μουνυχίᾳ Th.2.13
, cf. 4.124, 5.26, 74, 7.42, 8.90, 95; δισχίλιαι γάρ εἰσι (sc. δραχμαὶ)σ. ταῖς Νικίου Ar.Fr. 100
;ἀνήλωσα σ. τῇ τῆς σκευῆς ἀναθέσει ἑκκαίδεκα μνᾶς Lys.21.4
, cf. 2;αἶγας ἀπέδοτο σ. τῷ αἰπόλῳ τριῶν καὶ δέκα μνῶν Is.6.33
, cf. 8.8,35, 11.42,46, Aeschin. 2.162, D.19.155, 27.23,al., Arist.HA 525b15,17, Ath.19.6, Hipparch. 1.1.9, al., PSI10.1124.14 (ii A.D.).9 excluding, apart from, plus, ἓξ ἐμοὶ σ. ἑβδόμῳ six with (but not including) me the seventh, A. Th. 283;αἱ γὰρ καμπαὶ τέτταρες, ἢ δύο σ. τοῖς πτερυγίοις Arist.HA 490a32
;σ. τοῖς ἀρχαίοις τὸν οἶκον ἐκ τῶν προσόδων μείζω ποιῆσαι D. 27.61
;τὴν ἐφαπτίδα σ. τῇ σακκοπήρᾳ ἐν ᾗ ἐνῆν
together with..,PEnteux.
32.7, cf. 89.9 (iii B.C.);οἱ γραμματεῖς σ. τοῖς πρεσβυτέροις Ev.Luc.20.1
, cf. Ep.Gal.5.24.B POSITION:— σύν sts. follows its case, Il.10.19, Od.9.332, 15.410. It freq. stands between Adj. and Subst., as Od.11.359, Il.9.194, etc.; more rarely between Subst. and Adj., Od.13.258, Pi.P. 8.7.2 freq. in tmesis in Hom., as Il.23.687, Od.14.296, etc.3 in late Gr. σὺν καὶ c. dat.,στεφανηφορήσας σ. καὶ Αὐρ. Ἰάσονι IG12(7).259
(Amorgos, iii A.D.), cf. Supp.Epigr.4.535 (Ephesus, ii/iii A.D.), Rev.Phil.50.11 (Sardis, i/iii A.D.), CPR26.16 (ii A.D.); cf. infr. c. 2.C σύν AS ADV., together, at once,κενεὰς σ. Χεῖρας ἔχοντες Od.10.42
; mostly folld. by δέ or τε, σ. δὲ πτερὰ πυκνὰ λίασθεν Il.23.879
;σ. τε δύ' ἐρχομένω 10.224
(cf. σύνδυο); ξ. τε διπλοῖ βασιλῆς S.Aj. 960
(lyr.). It is sts. hard to distinguish this from tmesis, e.g. in Il.23.879; so ξὺν κακῶς ποιεῖν is = Ξυγκακοποιεῖν in Th.3.13. In Old Testament Gr. it is sts. used to translate the Hebr. 'ēth (particle prefixed to the definite accus.) through confusion with the Prep. 'ēth 'with',ἐμίσησα σὺν τὴν ζωήν LXXEc.2.17
; οὐκ ἐμνήσθη σ. τοῦ ἀνδρός ib.9.15; , etc.2 besides, also,σ. δὲ πλουτίζειν ἐμέ A.Ag. 586
;σ. δ' αὔτως ἐγώ S.Ant. 85
, etc.;σ. δ' ἐγὼ παρών Id.Aj. 1288
, cf. El. 299;Δίρκα τε.. σ. τ' Ἀσωπιάδες κόραι E.HF 785
(lyr.); in later Poetryσ. καί A.R.1.74
, Herod.4.3, Nic.Th.8, D.P.843 (also in late Prose, Ath.2.49a; cf. supr. B. 3).D IN COMPOS.I with, along with, together, at the same time, hence of any kind of union, connexion, or participation in a thing, and metaph. of agreement or unity. In Compos. with a trans. Verb σύν may refer to the Object as well as the Subject, as συγκατακτείνειν may mean kill one person as well as another, or, join with another in killing.2 of the completion of an action, altogether, completely, as inσυνάγνυμι, συνασκέω 2
, συνθρύπτω, συγκόπτω, συμπατέω, συμπληρόω, συντελέω, συντέμνω; sts., therefore, it seems only to strengthen the force of the simple word.3 joined with numerals, σύνδυο two together, which sense often becomes distributive, by twos, two and two; so σύντρεις, σύμπεντε, etc., like Lat. bini, terni, etc.II σύν in Compos., before β μ π φ ψ, becomes συμ-; before γ κ ξ Χ, συγ-; before λ συλ-; before ς usu. συς-; but becomes συ- before ς followed by a conson. (e.g. συστῆναι), before ζ, and perh. sts. before ξ. In a poet. passage, ap.Pl.Phdr. 237a, we have ξύμ alone in tmesi, ξύμ μοι λάβεσθε for συλλάβεσθέ μοι; cf.ὅτε ξὺμ πρῶτ' ἐφύοντο Emp.95
: in Inscrr. and Papyri these assimilations are freq. not found. -
10 σκότος
A darkness, gloom, Od.19.389, Emp.121.4, Pi.Fr. 142, etc.; opp. φάος, A.Ch. 319 (lyr.), E.Hipp. 417, etc.; opp. ἡμέρα, Pl.Def. 411b.2 in Il. always of the darkness of death, mostly in phraseτὸν δὲ σ. ὄσσε κάλυψεν 4.461
, al.;στυγερὸς δ' ἄρα μιν σ. εἷλεν 5.47
, 13.672; so in Trag. and Com.,σκότῳ θανεῖν E.Hipp. 837
(lyr.); ἤδη με περιβάλλει ς. Id.Ph. 1453;σ. γίγνεται Pherecr.40
; σκότον εἶναι τεθνηκότος (sc. Αἰσχύλου) Ar.Fr. 643.3 of the nether world, Pi.Fr. 130;σκότον νέμονται Τάρταρόν τε A.Eu.72
, cf. Pers. 223;τὸν ἀεὶ κατὰ γᾶς σ. εἱμένος S.OC 1701
(lyr.); παῖδες ἀρχαίου Σκότου ib. 106;ἰὼ σ., ἐμὸν φάος Id.Aj. 394
(lyr.);γῆς σκότῳ κέκρυπται E.Hel.62
;σκότου πύλαι Id.Hec.1
.4 the darkness of the womb,φυγόντα μητρόθεν σκότον A.Th. 664
: pl.,ἐν σκότοισι νηδύος τεθραμμένη Id.Eu. 665
.5 of blindness,σκότου νέφος S.OT 1313
(lyr.); ὁθούνεκ'.. ἐν σκότῳ.. ὀψοίατο, i.e. οὐκέτι ὀψοίατο, ib. 1273; βλέποντα νῦν μὲν ὄρθ', ἔπειτα δὲ σκότον, i.e. μηδέν, ib. 419;σκότον δεδορκώς E.Ph. 377
, cf. HF 563.b dizziness, vertigo, Hp.Epid. 5.23;σκότοι πρὸ τῶν ὀμμάτων Arist.HA 584a3
; cf. σκοτόδινος, -δινιάω.6 metaph., σκότῳ κρύπτειν hide in darkness, S.El. 1396 (lyr.), cf. Pi.Frr.42.5, 228; σκότον ἔχειν to be in darkness, obscurity, Id.N.7.13, E.Fr.1052.8; ἀπορία καὶ ς. Pl.Lg. 837a; : with Preps., διὰ σκότους ἡ ὁδός it is dark and uncertain, X.An.2.5.9;ἐν σ. καθήμενος Pi.O.1.83
;μηδὲν ἐν σ. τεχνωμένων S.Ant. 494
;κατὰ σκότον Id.Ph. 578
;ὑπὸ σκότου Id.Ant. 692
, E.Or. 1457 (lyr.), X.Cyr.4.6.4; (lyr.), E.Ph. 1214.7 of a person, Μητρότιμος ὁ σ., like ὁ σκοτεινός, the mystery-man, Hippon.78; also, darkness, i.e. ignorance, D.19.226; deceit,σ. καὶ ἀπάτη Pl.Lg. 864c
.8 pl., σκότη shadows in a picture, Paus.Gr.Fr.300, Suid. s.v. ἀπεσκοτωμένα, Eust.953.51.—Ael.Dion. Fr. 217 regarded the masc. as the [dialect] Att. form: the neut. never occurs in Ar., and is nowhere required by the metre in Trag., though it sts. occurs in codd., E.Hec. 831, HF 1159, Fr. 534, v.l. in S.OC40, dub. l. in A.Fr.6; it is found, however, without v.l., in Pi.Fr.42.5 and [dialect] Att. Prose, Pl.R. 516e, Cra. 418c, D.18.159, etc.; also in Hdt.2.121. έ, X.An.2.5.9, 7.4.18; the word is always neut. in LXX and NT. -
11 στενός
A narrow, opp. εὐρύς, πλατύς, Hdt.2.8 ([comp] Sup.), 4.195, al.; ; ;ἐσβολή Hdt.7.175
([comp] Comp.); πόρος ib. 176;ἡ ἔσοδος Th.7.51
; ; ἐν στενῷ, [dialect] Ion. στεινῷ, in a narrow space, A.Pers. 413, Hdt.8.60. β; ποιεῖν τὸν δῆμον εὐρὺν καὶ ς. Ar.Eq. 720;σ. ποδεών Hdt.8.31
; ; πόροι, φλέβες, Ti.Locr.101a, Pl.Ti. 66a; κεφαλή, πόδες, X.Cyn.5.30.2 Subst., τὰ ς. the narrows, straits, of a pass, Hdt.7.223; of a sea, Th.2.86, etc.; of the straits of Gibraltar, Str.3.5.5; so τὸ ς. the strait ([place name] Hellespont), Luc.DMar.9.1;ἐπὶ σ. τῆς ὁδοῦ X.HG7.1.29
; also ἡ στενή a narrow strip of land, Th.2.99; τὰ ς. passes, defiles, Phld.Rh.1.334 S.II metaph., close, confined, ἀπειληθέντες ἐς στεινόν driven into a corner, Hdt.9.34;σ. ζῶμεν χρόνον Men.410
; ;εἰς σ. τοῦ καιροῦ φθείρεσθαι Alciphr.1.24
.2 scanty, petty, Pl.Grg. 497c;ὑποθέσεις Plb.7.7.6
;ἐλπίδες D.H.4.52
;ἐρωτήσεις Philostr.VS2.30
; small-minded, narrow-minded, in Adv. [comp] Comp., PGiss. 40 ii7 (iii A.D.).3 of sound and style, thin, meagre, Arist.Aud. 803b24, Rh. 1413b15; hard to pronounce,συλλαβὴ σ. καὶ δύστομος Phld.Po.2.15
.—Choerob. in Theod.2.76 H., EM 275.50 say that στενός, like κενός, forms the [comp] Comp. and [comp] Sup. στενότερος, στενότατος, and these forms are explainable from Στενϝότερος, Στενϝότατος, which are implied by the Ionic forms στεινότερος, -ότατος ( στεινότερος occurs in Hdt.1.181, 7.175, [full] στενότερος in IG7.3073.109 (Lebad., ii B.C.), Pl.Phd. 111d, X.Cyr.2.4.3 with v.l.); and στενοτάτου is required by the metre in Scymn.922; the form στενώτερος is however found in Hp.VM22, Arist.PA 675a35, al.III Adv., στενῶς διακεῖσθαι to be in difficulties, PCair.Zen.498 (iii B.C.), PTeb. 760.19 (iii B.C.), D.L.8.86, cf. LXX 1 Ki.13.6. -
12 σύ
σύ [pron. full] [ῠ],A thou: Pron. of the second pers.:—[dialect] Ep. nom. [full] τύνη [pron. full] [ῡ] Il.5.485, al. ([dialect] Lacon. [full] τούνη Hsch.); [dialect] Aeol. [full] σύ Sapph.Supp.16.6, 21.9; [dialect] Dor. [full] τύ [pron. full] [ῠ] Pi.O.1.85, Epich.34, al., Theoc.3.33, etc.; [dialect] Boeot. [full] τού [short syll.] Corinn.Supp.2.83, A.D.Pron.55.6 (also [full] τούν ib. 50.27, 55.6): Nom. [full] σύ, Od.18.31, A.Ag. 1035, Ar.Nu.29, etc.; voc., Od.21.193, Ar.Ach. 165, Pl. 1069.—Gen. [full] σοῦ, h.Hom.29.4, elsewh. only [dialect] Att., Ar.Ach. 302, etc.; enclit. σου, S.Ph. 761, OT 538, etc.; never in Hom., who uses σεῦ, ll.3.206, al., σέο ib. 446, al. (also in Lyr., Archil.(?)inPLit.Lond.54, B.3.65),σεῖο Il.3.137
, al.; alsoσέθεν 1.180
, al. (which also occurs in Lyr., Sapph.33, B.10.9, and Trag., A.Th. 264, al.), and as enclit. σευ, Il.5.811, al., σεο 1.396: Hdt. has onlyσέο 1.124
, σεο (enclit.) ib.9, σεῦ ibid., 3.42,85, 7.38, σευ (enclit.) 3.36, 134, 7.49:—[dialect] Dor. τεῦ, τευ, Theoc.5.19, 10.36, etc.; rarely τέο, Alcm.17; lengthd.τεοῦ Epich.145
, Sophr.84, andτεοῖο Il.8.37
, 468; [dialect] Boeot.τεῦς Corinn.24
; [dialect] Dor.τεοῦς Sophr.59
; alsoτιοῦς A.D. Pron.74.27
;τεῦς Theoc.2.126
; τοι v.l. in Id.7.25; enclit. τεος Sophr.83; Cret.τέορ Hsch.
; other [dialect] Dor. forms are τίω, τίως, both Rhinth.13,τίος A.D.Pron.75.24
.—Dat. [full] σοί, Il.1.158, 167, Archil.88, Mimn.8, Sapph.7,99, A.Pr.3, Hdt.3.42, 6.86.ά, 7.52, etc.; [dialect] Dor.τοί Alcm.86
(oxyt.); [dialect] Dor., Lesb., and [dialect] Ion. enclit. τοι Alem.33, Sapph. Frr.2.2,8, Archil.79, Hippon.20, Anacr.44, 75.3, Pi.N.3.76, B.10.104, Hdt.1.115, 3.35,63,85; in Hom., Lesbian Lyr., and [dialect] Ion. Lyr. and Prose τοι is always enclit., σοί never enclit. ( τοί and σοι are not found exc. σοι Od.3.359, 11.381, ς ([etym.] οι) Il.1.170, and in codd. of Pi.P. 4.270, 9.55; rarer than τοι in Hdt., 3.69, al.); in [dialect] Att. both σοί and σοι (enclit.) are used (, etc., σοι ib.87, etc.), τοί and τοι are not used; σοι is never elided exc. in Il.1.170, τοι is elided in Od. 1.60, 347, Alc.55, Id.Oxy. 1788 Fr.15 ii 9, Sapph.28.2; [dialect] Ep. and Lyr. also [full] τεΐν, Il.11.201, Od.4.619, Epigr. ap. Hdt.5.60,61, Ar.Av. 930; also [full] τίν [pron. full] [ῐ], Alcm.16, Pi.P.1.29, 8.68 (dub. l.); [full] τίν [pron. full] [ῑ], Id.I.6(5).4, Theoc.2.20 ( τίν before a consonant, Pi.O.10(11).93); alsoτεΐ Alcm.53
;τίνη Rhinth.13
.—Acc. [full] σέ, Il.6.256, al.; enclit. σε, 1.26, Sapph.1.2, Supp.23.9, Hdt.3.42, etc.; in late Gr. σέν, Anatolian Studies p.76; [dialect] Dor.τέ Alcm.52
, Pi.O.1.48, Theoc.1.5, Call.Fr. 114; τ' v.l. (cod. R) in Ar.Ach. 779 (on the accent v. A.D.Pron.54.14, 83.4); τρέ (leg. τϝέ) Hsch.; or (enclit.) τυ IG42(1).121.69 (Epid., iv B.C.), Ar.Eq. 1225, Ach. 730 (dub. in Ach. 779), Theoc.1.56,78, etc.:—alsoτίν Corinn.4
, Cerc.7.6, Theoc.11.39,55,68.2 in combination with γε, [full] σύ γε, [full] σέ γε, etc. (cf. ἔγωγε), thou at least, for thy part, freq. in Hom. and [dialect] Att.; [dialect] Dor. , Timocr.1 (v.l. τύ γα); τύγᾰ Theoc.5.69
,71; [dialect] Boeot. [full] τούγα A.D.Pron.55.6: dat. [full] σοί γε Il.1.557: acc. [full] σέ γε 10.96, etc.:—also [full] σύ περ 24.398.3 σύ c. inf. (as imper.), Hdt.3.134, 4.163.II Dual nom. and acc. [full] σφῶϊ, Il.1.336, 4.286, al., you two, both of you; [full] σφώ (not σφῴ, cf. A.D. Pron.85.17), Il.1.574, 11.782, 13.47, S.OC 344, 1543, etc.—Gen. and Dat. [full] σφῶϊν, Il.4.341, al.; [var] contr. σφῷν once in Hom., Od.4.62, and always in [dialect] Att. (Hdn.Gr.1.475) and Trag., e.g. A.Pr. 12, S.OC 342, OT 1495, Pl.Lg. 892e (codd. Pl. have σφῶϊν in Tht. 193c, al., , al.). None of these forms are enclit., A.D.Pron.38.9, 85.12; cod. A of Pl.Lg. 658c, 673e, 689a wrongly makes σφῳν enclit.; Ζεὺς σφὼ is prescribed in Il. 15.146 by Hdn.Gr.2.93.— σφῶϊ is never dat.; in Il.4.286 it is the acc. depending on κελεύω; σφῶϊν is never acc.; in Od.23.52 it is dat. commodi.III Plur. nom. [full] ὑμεῖς, Il.2.75, al. (before a vowel, 4.246, 7.194, al.), Pherecyd.Syr. 11, Democr.29a, Hdt.3.72, etc., ye, you; [dialect] Aeol. and [dialect] Ep.ὔμμες Il.1.274
, al., Sapph.24, 25; [dialect] Dor.ὑμές Sophr.60
, Ar.Ach. 760, 761, 862; (Crete, ii B.C.), GDI5155.6 (ibid., ii B.C.); [dialect] Boeot.οὐμές Corinn.6
; a resolved form ὑμέες, Parth.Fr.14, is a poeticlicence (so A.D.Pron.93.3 ) rather than genuine Ionic (v.l. in Hdt.8.22).— Gen. [full] ὑμῶν, Ar.Ach. 143, etc.; ὑμέων (disyll.) Il.7.159, Od.13.7, al., Archil.74.6 ( ὑμῶν codd.), Sol.11.5 (v.l. ὑμῶν) ; ὑμέων also Hdt.3.73, 6.130, al.; as trisyll., Herod.2.27;ὑμείων Il.4.348
, 7.195, al.; [dialect] Dor.ὑμέων Sophr.46
; also ὑμῶν, A.D.Pron.95.23; [dialect] Aeol.ὑμμέων Alc. 96
; [dialect] Boeot.οὐμίων Corinn.22
.—Dat. [full] ὑμῖν, Od.2.46, Hdt.1.126, etc.; [dialect] Ion. enclit.ὗμῐν A.D.Pron.97.28
, also [dialect] Dor., Sophr.91; [dialect] Dor. (not enclit.) ὑμίν [ῐ] Id.92; ὑμίν [ῐ] also in S.Aj. 864, 1242, OT 991, 1402, Ant. 308, El. 804, al. (but ὗμιν shd. perh. be restd. where the sense needs an enclitic on the principle stated by A.D.Pron.35.6, 36.5, Synt.130.23); ὕμιν (as enclit.) is prescribed by Hdn.Gr. (2.124 ) in Il.24.33, by EM432.34 in Od.1.376, 2.141, etc.:—[dialect] Aeol. and [dialect] Ep. ὔμμῐ, ὔμμῐν, Od. 2.316, 11.336, al., Hes.Sc. 328, Sapph.14, Alc.Supp. 26.9, Pi.O. 11(10).17.—Acc. [full] ὑμᾶς, Ar.Ach. 325, etc. (-υ Orph.A. 820
, v.l. in S.Ph. 222; ὗμας or (more prob.) ὕμας is required by the metre in Babr.9.9, 47.11); [dialect] Ion. ὑμέας (disyll.) Od.21.198, al.; enclit. ὕμεας (disyll.) Herod.2.60 (Pap.); ὑμέας also Hdt.1.126, al.; [dialect] Aeol. and [dialect] Ep.ὔμμε Il.23.412
, al., Pi.I.6(5).19; also in A.Eu. 620 (trim.), and S.Ant. 846(lyr.); [dialect] Dor.ὑμέ Alcm.3
, Sophr.52, Ar.Ach. 737, Lys. 1076, SIG528.3 (Cretan dial., iii B.C.), 622 B 8 (Cretan, ii B.C.).—The pl. is sts. used in addressing one person, when others are included in the speaker's thought, as Od. 12.81, Archil.89. (With σύ cf. Lat. tu, Goth. pu; with τοι Skt. gen. and dat. te; the origin of σφῶϊ is doubtful; with ὑμεῖς cf. Skt. acc. pl. yusmān.) -
13 κυρέω
A , Hdt.1.112: [tense] aor. , Archil.18, Hom.Epigr.6.6, Hdt.1.31, E.Hec. 215 (lyr.): [tense] pf.κεκύρηκα Pl.Alc. 2.141b
:—also [full] κύρω [pron. full] [ῡ], Parm.8.49, A.R.2.363, AP9.710, etc.: [tense] impf. ; [dialect] Ep.κῦρον Il.23.821
, h.Cer. 189, h.Ven. 174: [tense] fut.κύρσω Democr.243
, S.OC 225 (lyr.): [tense] aor. ἔκυρσα, part.κύρσας Il.3.23
, Hes.Sc. 426, Op. 691, E.Med. 1363:—[voice] Med., κύρομαι [ῡ] in act. sense, Il.24.530:—poet. Verb, of which the two forms are used as required by the metre, and some tenses occur in [dialect] Ion. and (rarely) in other Prose:I folld. by a case, hit, light upon,1 c. dat., meet with, fall in with,ἄλλοτε μὲν.. κακῷ.. κύρεται ἄλλοτε δ' ἐσθλῷ Il.24.530
;πήματι κύρσαι Hes.Op. 691
; λέων ὣς σώματι κύρσας Id.Sc. l.c.; ἅρματι κύρσας having struck against it, Il.23.428; μέγα δένδρεον αἰθέρι κῦρον reaching to.., Call.Cer.38, cf. A.R.2.363, 4.945, AP9.710; soἐν πείρασι κ. Parm.8.49
.b of things, κυρεῖν τινι befall or be granted to him, S.OC 1290, Tr. 291, E.Hec. 215 (lyr.); also εἰς ὅ τι κύρει ἕκαστα 'which way the wind blows', Timo48.5.2 c. gen., hit the mark,ἔκυρσας ὥστε τοξότης.. σκοποῦ A.Ag. 628
; reach to or as far as,μελάθρου κῦρε κάρη h.Cer. 189
; meet with, find,αἰδοίων βροτῶν κυρῆσαι Hom.Epigr.6.6
;πικροῦ δ' ἔκυρσας.. μνηστῆρος A.Pr. 739
;Ἰαόνων ναυβατᾶν κύρσαντες Id.Pers. 1012
(lyr.); αἰθερίας νεφέλας κύρσαιμι would I could reach.., S.OC 1082 (lyr.).b attain to, obtain,γάμων Archil.18
;τέκνων κ. Hdt.1.31
; καθαρσίου ib.35 (v.l.); βασιληΐης ταφῆς ib. 112;δίκης Id.9.116
;ἀτιμίης πρός τινων Id.7.158
;κυρήσει νοστίμου σωτηρίας A. Pers. 797
; στυγερᾶς μοίρας τῆσδε κυρήσας ib. 910 (anap.);κυροῦντα τῶν ἐπαξίων Id.Pr.70
;βίου λῴονος κυρῆσαι S.OT 1514
;δυσπότμων γάμων κυρήσας Id.Ant. 870
(lyr.);μητρὸς ὡς κακῆς ἐκύρσατε E.Med. 1363
, cf. Ion 1105 (lyr.);ἀμοιβῆς ἔκ τινος κυρεῖν Id.Med.23
, cf. Supp. 1170;ἀγαθῶν Pl.Alc.2.141b
, Herod.3.57;ληΐης Id.2.45
;τόσσων ἐκύρησεν ὅσ' οὐ πευσεῖσθε βέβαλοι Theoc.3.51
.3 less freq. c. acc., reach, find, τί νῦν.. κυρῶ; A.Ch. 214;βίον εὖ κυρήσας Id.Th. 699
(lyr.);ἐπ' ἀκταῖς νιν κυρῶ E.Hec. 698
; τέρμονα κύρειν dub. cj. in Id.Hipp. 746 (lyr.), cf. Opp.H.1.34.II abs., happen, come to pass, τί ποτ' αὐτίκα κύρσει; S.OC 225 (lyr.); καλῶς, εὖ κυρεῖ turns out well, A.Th.23, S.El. 799; of a person, Ἀτρείδην εἰδέναι κυροῦνθ' ὅπως how he fares, A.Ag. 1371; also ἕτερα ἀφ' ἑτέρων κακὰ κυρεῖ follow, E.Hec. 690 (lyr.);ἄλλα δ' ἐξ ἄλλων κ. Id.IT 865
(lyr.).2 to be right, hit the mark, γνώμῃ κυρήσας by intelligence, S.OT 398: c. part., τόδ' ἂν λέγων κυρήσαις in saying, A.Supp. 589 (lyr.); ἐπεικάζων κυρῶ; S.El. 663.b to be successful, prosper, Democr.243.3 as auxil. Verb, c. part., turn out, prove to be so and so,σεσωσμένος κυρεῖ A.Pers. 503
, cf. Ag. 1201; ποῦ ποτ' ὢν κυρεῖς; S.Ph. 805;θύων ἔκυρον Id.OC 1159
;ἐχθρὸς ὢν κυρεῖ E.Alc. 954
;εἰ κυρεῖ τις πέλας.. οἶκτον ἀΐων A.Supp.58
(lyr.): with part. omitted, acting merely as the copula,ἐκτὸς αἰτίας κυρεῖς Id.Pr. 332
, cf. Pers. 598; ποῦ γῆς κυρεῖ; S.Aj. 984;φονέα σε φημὶ.. κυρεῖν Id.OT 362
;ἐν κακῷ τῳ φαίνῃ κυρῶν Id.Ph. 741
;ἐν πύλαισι.. κυρεῖ E.Ph. 1067
;ἔνθα πημάτων κυρῶ Id.Tr. 685
.4 κ. πρός .. refer to,οὔτ' εἶπον οὐδὲν πρός <σε> κῦρον Trag.Adesp.226
;τὰ πρὸς διαβολὴν κυροῦντα Plb. 12.15.9
. -
14 σάκκος
2 sieve, strainer, esp. for wine, Hippon.57, Poll.6.19;σ. τρίχινοι PHamb.10.39
(ii A.D.).3 coarse garment, sackcloth, worn as mourning by the Jews, LXX Ge.37.34, Ev.Luc.10.13, J.BJ2.12.5, cf. Plu.2.239c.III coarse beard, like rough hair-cloth,σάκον πρὸς ταῖν γνάθοιν ἔχειν Ar.Ec. 502
; cf.σακεσφόρος 11
.—The form σάκος is said to be [dialect] Att., Ael.Dion.Fr. 296, Phryn.229, Moer. p.354 P., Thom.Mag. p.344 R., etc.; while σάκκος is called [dialect] Dor. by Phryn. l.c., Hellenic by Moer. and Thom.Mag. ll.cc., Comic by Poll.7.191. In Ar.Ach. 822, Ec. 502, σάκος is required by the metre, as is σάκκος in Ach. 745 ([place name] Megarian), and in Hippon. l.c.; codd. of Hdt. give σάκκος. Inscrr. haveσάκος IG22.1672.73
,74, 108 and σάκκος ib.198: Papyri haveσάκος PCair.Zen.753.27
(iii B.C.), UPZ84.52 (ii B.C.), but oftener ,14 (iii B.C.), PTeb.116.3 (ii B.C.), etc. (Prob. the word, like the thing, was borrowed from Phoenicia, cf. Hebr. saq.) -
15 χαλκίον
χαλκίον, τό,A copper vessel, cauldron, kettle, IG12.393, Ar.Ach. 1128, Fr. 107, 330, Eup.108, 256, X.Oec.8.19; χ. θερμαντήριον, = θερμαντήρ, IG22.1416, 4.39 ([place name] Aegina), Gal.13.663.2 cymbal, τὸ Δωδωναῖον χ., prov. of a chatterbox, Men.66, cf. Zen.6.5.4 copper ticket given to the dicasts, bearing the name of the court in which they were to serve, D.39.10.5 piece of copper money,πονηρὰ χαλκία Ar.Ra. 724
(troch.);παραλαβὼν τὼ χαλκίω Eub.83
; cf. Poll.9.90.—Freq. written χαλκεῖον in codd., but χαλκίον is required by the metre in Com., and corroborated by Inscrr. (v. supr.), and Pap., PCair.Zen.630.4 (iii B. C.), PMich.Zen.65.2 (iii B. C.), PSI6.625.12 (iii B. C.), etc.II prob. Dim. of χάλκη, = κάλχη 11, IG42(1).102.242 (Epid., iv B. C.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > χαλκίον
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16 ἄστυ
ἄστυ, τό, [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. gen. εος (disyll. in Semon.7.74), [dialect] Att. and Trag. εως ( ἄστεος is never required by the metre, ἄστεως (trisyll.) is necessary in E.Or. 761, Ph. 842, El. 246, and is the only form found in [dialect] Att. Inscrr., as IG2.584.7, 22.463.76; it is a disyll. in E.El. 298, Ba. 840): pl.,A ;ἄστεα Hdt.1.5
:—town,ἄ. μέγα Πριάμοιο Il.2.332
, al.: with name in gen., Σουσίδος, Σούσων ἄ., A.Pers. 119, 535;ἄ. Θήβης S.OC 1372
, Tr. 1154, etc.2 lower town, opp. acropolis, Hdt.1.176, al.II in Attica, town (i.e. Athens), opp. ἀγρός ( country), mostly without Art.,στυγῶν μὲν ἄ. Ar.Ach.33
; ; ἔγημα.. ἄγροικος ὢν ἐξ ἄστεως I married a town girl, Id.Nu.47;τῶν κατ' ἄστυ πραγμάτων Men.Georg. Fr.4
: also with Art.,πρὸς τὸ ἄ. Pl.R. 327b
, 328c, al.2 Athens, opp. Phalerum or Piraeus, Id.Smp. 172a, D.20.12, Arist.Pol. 1303b12, al.; τὸ ἄστυ τῆς πόλεως, opp. Piraeus, Lycurg.18; ἄρχοντος ἐν ἄστει, opp. ἐν Σαλαμῖνι, IG2.594.3 in Egypt, Alexandria, PHal.1.89 (iii B. C.), St.Byz. s.v. ἄστυ, etc.IV Adv. ἄστυδε (q. v.). (ϝάστυ, cf.ϝασστυόχος IG5(2).77
([place name] Tegea): gen. ϝάστιος ib.7.3170 (Orchom. [dialect] Boeot.): but prob. not cogn. with Skt. ua/sati 'dwell', which has e in the root.) -
17 ὀδύρομαι
ὀδύρ-ομαι [pron. full] [ῡ], mostly used in [tense] pres. and [tense] impf., [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf. ὀδύρετο, ὀδύροντο (without augm.), [dialect] Ion.Aὀδυρέσκετο Hdt.3.119
: [tense] fut.ὀδῠροῦμαι D.21.186
, and prob. l. Isoc.18.35 : [tense] aor.ὠδῡράμην Id.12.9
, Theoc.1.75 (cf. ἀνοδύρομαι) ; part.ὀδῡράμενος Il. 24.48
: [tense] aor. [voice] Pass.κατ-ωδύρθην Plu.2.117f
.—In Trag. the form [full] δύρομαι is required by the metre in A.Pr. 273, Pers. 582 (lyr.), S.OT 1218 (lyr., ὀδ- codd.), E.Hec. 740, Med. 159 (lyr., ὀδ- codd.), and prob. in Id.Andr. 397, v. infr. 4 ; in Id.Ph. 1762, Apollod.Com.8, ὀδύρομαι is necessary ; elsewh. either form is possible:—lament, bewail, a person or thing:1 c. acc. pers.,ὀδυρομένη φίλα τέκνα Il.2.315
; , cf. S.OC 1439, Ant. 693 : less freq. c. acc. rei, ὁ δ' ὀδύρετο πατρίδα γαῖαν mourned for it, i.e. for the want of it, Od.13.219 ; soνόστον ὀ. 5.153
, 13.379 ;προπηλακίσεις Pl.R. 329b
;δυστυχίας Isoc.4.169
;πάθη D.18.41
;οὐκ ὠδύραντο.. τὴν προκαταστροφήν Epicur.Sent.40
.2 c. gen. pers., mourn for, for the sake of..,ὡς δὲ πατὴρ οὗ παιδὸς ὀ. Il.23.222
, cf. 22.424, Od.4.104, etc. ;ὑπέρ τινος Pl.R. 387d
; .3 ὀ. τινί wail or lament to or before,ἐξελθὼν λαιοῖσιν ὀ. Od.4.740
; ἀλλήλοισιν ὀδύρονται wail aloud one to another, Il.2.290.4 abs., wail, mourn, freq. in Hom., in part.,- όμενος στεναχίζω Od.9.13
;στοναχῇ τε γόῳ τε ἧσται ὀ. 16.145
;ὀ. κατὰ θυμόν 18.203
; τίταῦτ' ὀδύρομαι ; why mourn I thus? E.Andr. 397 (where Pors. restores ταῦτα δύρομαι for the caesura) ;θρηνοῦντός τε μου καὶ ὀδυρομένου Pl. Ap. 38d
, cf. Phld.Rh.1.381 S., etc.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὀδύρομαι
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18 ὄστρεον
A oyster; the proper [dialect] Att. form is ὄστρειον (ὄστρεια.. ἔλεγον οἱ ἀρχαῖοι Ath.3.92e
, cf. Moer.p.285 P. (who recommends ὀστρία [pron. full] [ῑ] wrongly), Phot., etc.), and this is required by the metre in the earlier Poets,κόγχοι, μύες, κὤστρεια A.Fr.34
;ὄστρεια συμμεμυκότα Epich.42
( ὄστρεα codd. Ath.);πίννῃσι καὶ ὀστρείοισιν ὁμοίη Cratin.8
;πίνναι, λεπάδες, μύες, ὄστρεια Anaxandr.41.61
(anap.); while ὄστρεον is used in late [dialect] Ep., Matro Conv.16, Nic.Fr.83, and is found in Pap., PCair.Zen.82.13 (iii B. C.), POxy.738.5 (i A. D.):—the readings vary in Pl. (v. infr. III), as in Arist., cf. HA 490b10, 525a20: generally, of all bivalves, ib. 525a20, 528a1, Fr. 304, Gal.12.345.III purple pigment, prob. that produced by the murex, cf. Arist.HA 548a12;ὄστρεον μόνον ἐπιφέρειν Pl.Cra. 424d
;ὀστρείῳ ἐναληλιμμένος Id.R. 420c
;τὰ σώματα ἐκέχριντο ὀστρείῳ Callix.2
: ὄστρεα· τὰ κογχύλια, Αάκωνες ἄνθος, Hsch.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὄστρεον
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19 βρυχάομαι
Aβρυχ- A.R.4.19
, Max.Tyr. 31.3, D.C.68.24, ([etym.] ἀν-) Pl.Phd. 117d; also ἐβρυχήθην (v. infr.): [dialect] Ep. [tense] pf.βέβρῡχα Od.5.412
, al.: [tense] plpf.ἐβεβρύχει 12.242
:—onomatop. Verb, roar, bellow, prop. of lions, acc. to Hsch. and Ammon.; of a bull,ταῦρος ὣς βρυχώμενος S.Aj. 322
, cf. Ar.Ra. 823; of wild beasts,δεινὸν δ' ἐβρυχῶντο Theoc.25.137
; of the elephant, Plu.Pyrrh.33: in Il. mostly of the death-cry of wounded men,κεῖτο τανυσθείς, βεβρυχώς 13.393
; so βρυχώμενον σπασμοῖσι, of Hercules, S.Tr. 805, cf. 904; βέβρυχα κλαίων ib. 1072;δεινὰ βρυχηθείς Id.OT 1265
; later, of an infant's wail, Men.1004;κλαίων καὶ β. Alciphr.1.35
; also of the roaring of waves,ἀμφὶ δὲ κῦμα βέβρυχεν ῥόθιον Od.5.412
, cf. Il.17.264;ἀμφὶ δὲ πέτρη δεινὸν βεβρύχει Od.12.242
, cf. Aristid.Or.17(15).14; βρυχομένη (as if from βρύχομαι ) is required by the metre in Q.S. 14.484, cf. βρύχεται· μαίνεται, Hsch.; but βρυχῶνται, -ώμενος shd. be read in Hp.Morb.Sacr.1, Luc.DMar.1.4.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > βρυχάομαι
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20 ζωή
ζωή ( [full] ζωιή (prob. an error) SIG577.34 (Milet., iii/ii B.C.)), [dialect] Dor. [full] ζωά: [dialect] Ion. and poet. [full] ζόη, Hdt.1.32, Herod.10.4, S.Fr. 556, etc. (v. infr.), cf. IG9(1).86 ([place name] Hyampolis), [dialect] Dor. [full] ζόα: [dialect] Aeol. [full] ζοΐα Theoc. 29.5: ἡ:—A living, i.e. one's substance, property,ἦ γάρ οἱ ζ. γ' ἦν ἄσπετος Od.14.96
; τοὶ δὲ ζωὴν ἐδάσαντο ib. 208;κατὰ ζωὴν φαγέειν 16.429
; τὴν ζόην ποιέεσθαι or καταστήσασθαι ἀπὸ or ἐκ.. to get one's living by.., Hdt.8.105, cf. 2.36, Arist.HA 608b21;ἐξ ἁλός Theoc.Beren. 2
.2 after Hom., life, existence, opp. death, Tyrt.15.5, Pi.N.8.36, etc.; θανάτου πέρι καὶ ζωᾶς ib.9.29; ; ζόας ( ζωᾶς codd.) (lyr.);τοῦ βίου ζωή Pl. Ti. 44c
;ὁ τῆς ζ. χρόνος SIG1210
([place name] Calymna), etc.: as a term of affection, ζωή mylife! Juv.6.195: pl.,ζόαι A.Fr.99.13
; ; μετὰ τὴν μίαν ζ. πολλαὶ ζ. Dam.Pr. 100;αἱ τῆς ψυχῆς ζ. καὶ δυνάμεις Iamb.Comm.Math.3
.II ζωή,=γραῦς 11
, the scum on milk, Eust.906.52; ζόη· τὸ ἐπάνω τοῦ μέλιτος, Hsch. [The form ζόη (paroxyt.) is required by the metre in trimeters in S.Fr. 556, E.Hec. 1108, and in lyrics S. Fr. 592, E.Med. 976, al., ζωή never: ζόη in other Poets, Call.Fr. 114, Theoc.Ep.18.9, Herod.10.4.] (For the root, cf. ζῶ: fancifully connected with ζέω and ζητέω, Dam.Pr.81: in signf. 11 ζόη prob. fr. ζέω.)
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